NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

In the Concrete Operational Stage, which ability is typically developed in children?

1. Abstract thinking

2. Logical reasoning

3. Egocentric thinking

4. Symbolic reasoning

The correct answer is: Logical reasoning

During the Concrete Operational Stage, which typically occurs between the ages of 7 and 11, children start to develop logical reasoning skills. This stage, according to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, is characterized by improvements in a child's ability to think logically about concrete events and objects. They can perform operations and understand concepts such as conservation, classification, and seriation, which are essential components of logical thinking. As children engage with concrete materials and real-world situations, they begin to draw connections, make inferences, and understand the principles behind operations, moving beyond mere perception. This critical reasoning ability allows them to solve problems and think more systematically. In contrast, the other options represent cognitive abilities that either emerge at different stages or evolve significantly later. For instance, abstract thinking develops in the subsequent Formal Operational Stage, egocentric thinking is more characteristic of the Preoperational Stage, and symbolic reasoning also matures alongside abstract thinking. Thus, the focus on logical reasoning in the Concrete Operational Stage is a defining feature of cognitive development during this period.