NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

What is the Monitor Model associated with?

1. A curriculum design for ESOL

2. A method for assessing language proficiency

3. A set of hypotheses developed by Stephen Krashen

4. A framework for cultural competency

The correct answer is: A set of hypotheses developed by Stephen Krashen

The Monitor Model is associated with a set of hypotheses developed by Stephen Krashen, which are fundamental to understanding second language acquisition. Krashen's theories emphasize the distinction between two types of language processing: the acquired system and the learned system. The acquired system refers to the subconscious process of picking up a language naturally through exposure and interaction. In contrast, the learned system pertains to the conscious understanding of grammar rules and vocabulary. The Monitor Model specifically outlines five hypotheses: the Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis, the Monitor Hypothesis, the Natural Order Hypothesis, the Input Hypothesis, and the Affective Filter Hypothesis. These concepts explain how learners acquire a second language and the factors that can affect this process, such as motivation and anxiety. The other options provided do not relate directly to Krashen's theoretical framework. A curriculum design for ESOL would focus on instructional frameworks for teaching English to speakers of other languages, rather than the underlying psychological processes of acquisition. A method for assessing language proficiency would be more focused on evaluation techniques rather than the theoretical constructs of language learning. Lastly, a framework for cultural competency would relate to understanding and addressing cultural differences in education rather than language acquisition strategies.